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About Carbon Footprint Calculator
A personal carbon footprint is total annual CO2-equivalent greenhouse gas emissions from your activities. World average: approximately 4.7 tonnes CO2-equivalent per person per year. India average: about 1.9 tonnes. The Paris Agreement target requires bringing individual footprints below 2 tonnes by 2050. Emission factors used: grid electricity in India approximately 0.71 kg CO2 per kWh; petrol 2.31 kg CO2 per litre; beef approximately 27 kg CO2 per kg.
Highest-impact personal actions: switch to EV or public transport (transport is 20-30% of footprint); adopt a plant-rich diet (food is 20-30% of footprint); install rooftop solar (home energy is 15-25% of footprint); avoid long-haul flights (one return long-haul flight generates 1.5-3 tonnes CO2-equivalent). Carbon offsets are a last resort - direct emissions reduction is always preferable to offsetting unavoidable emissions.
About Solar Panel Calculator
Solar panel daily output formula: Daily kWh = System kWp times Peak Sun Hours times System Efficiency. System efficiency is typically 75-80% accounting for inverter losses, wiring losses, dust, and temperature derating. India receives 4.0-5.5 peak sun hours per day depending on location - highest in Rajasthan and Gujarat, lowest in the North-East.
Financial analysis: typical installed cost is Rs 45,000-65,000 per kWp after PM-Surya Ghar subsidy. Government subsidy: Rs 30,000 for 1 kWp, Rs 60,000 for 2 kWp, Rs 78,000 for 3 kWp or more for residential customers. Payback period is typically 4-6 years. Net metering allows selling surplus generation to the grid at Rs 3-5 per unit. System life is approximately 25 years with less than 0.5% annual output degradation. Annual savings equal total output in kWh multiplied by your grid electricity tariff.
⚡ Electric Vehicle
⛽ Petrol Car
About EV vs Petrol Cost Calculator
Electric vehicles have higher purchase cost but dramatically lower running costs. Typical EV energy consumption: 12-18 kWh per 100 km. At Rs 7-9 per kWh for home charging, cost is Rs 84-162 per 100 km. An equivalent petrol car at 12-15 km per litre and Rs 95-105 per litre costs Rs 633-875 per 100 km - approximately 5-8 times more expensive per km.
Total cost of ownership over 5 years and 50,000 km: EVs cost Rs 3-8 lakh more to purchase, but save approximately Rs 2.5-3 lakh on fuel and additional savings on maintenance since EVs have 60-70% fewer moving parts. Government incentives include FAME II subsidy and many state policies offering Rs 1-3 lakh additional subsidy plus road tax exemption. Total cost of ownership break-even typically occurs at 40,000-80,000 km depending on vehicle segment and electricity tariff.
Monthly Appliance Usage:
About Home Energy Audit
A home energy audit identifies where you are losing energy and where improvements give the best return on investment. Typical home energy breakdown: air conditioning and heating 35-45%, water heating 15-20%, lighting 10-15%, appliances 15-25%, standby power 5-10%. Air conditioning is the biggest opportunity since a 5-star BEE-rated inverter AC uses 30-50% less electricity than a 2-star non-inverter model.
Quick wins with good payback: replace old lights with LEDs (90% energy savings); install a 5-star inverter AC; add ceiling fans allowing the AC thermostat to be set 4 degrees higher saving 16-20% on cooling; seal air leaks around doors and windows; set water heater to 48 degrees instead of 60 degrees; install a solar water heater replacing 80% of water heating electricity. Every 1 degree increase in AC thermostat setting saves approximately 6% on cooling energy bills.
About Water Footprint Calculator
The water footprint includes both direct use and virtual water embedded in products you consume. Producing 1 kg of beef requires approximately 15,400 litres of water; 1 kg of wheat requires 1,300 litres; one cotton T-shirt requires 2,700 litres; manufacturing one smartphone requires approximately 13,000 litres. Dietary changes have the largest impact on reducing your virtual water footprint.
Direct water conservation at home: fix leaking taps since a dripping tap wastes 15-20 litres per day; install low-flow showerheads to reduce shower water by 40-60%; run dishwashers and washing machines only when full; reuse washing machine rinse water for gardening. Rooftop rainwater harvesting can provide 30-50% of household water needs in areas receiving 600 or more mm of annual rainfall. India faces serious water stress with per capita freshwater availability declining from 1,820 cubic metres in 2001 to below 1,500 cubic metres today.
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About Tree Carbon Offset Calculator
Trees sequester CO2 through photosynthesis, storing carbon in their biomass and soil. Sequestration rate depends on species, climate, and tree age. Fast-growing tropical trees like neem and eucalyptus sequester 10-25 kg CO2 per year; slow-growing trees like teak and oak sequester 5-12 kg CO2 per year. A mature tree over 30 years old can sequester 20-50 kg per year.
To offset 1 tonne of CO2, you would need to plant and maintain approximately 40-100 trees for 20 years depending on species and climate. This is why offsets are supplementary rather than primary solutions - it is impractical to plant enough trees to offset high-carbon lifestyles. Tree planting is most valuable when restoring native ecosystems rather than creating monocultures, as native trees support biodiversity, improve soil health, and are more climate-resilient. Always focus on reducing emissions first and use trees only to offset remaining unavoidable emissions.